Situation and Structuring factors at the urban planning level:
The object is located on a terrain that is bordered to the north and east by public buildings - the Ministry of European Integration, the Institute of Biology and Immunology at the BAS, the Instrumental Faculty of the Academy of Medical Sciences and the Universiade sports hall, to the northwest it is bordered by a 4-5 storey residential structure, and from the south with Borisova Garden Park. Serving roads are: the local one on "Tsarigradsko Shosse" blvd. and "street" Academician Lyudmil Stoyanov"
For the creation of a building-complex that reflects /reacts/ to the situational environment, a structure is identified that integrates the elements of this surrounding environment, namely: the large-scale volumes of the administrative buildings - expressed in the way the complex is arranged, the characteristic elongated volumes of the residential buildings-expressed in the similar volumes of the educational buildings and the possibility of the natural environment to bypass and enter and become part of the complex, by raising a part of the volumes from the ground by one level.
When searching for the volume-plastic composition, the fact that the building is located next to a busy thoroughfare (Tsarigradsko shose Blvd.) was taken into account, and the perception and while moving - the composition is clearly legible.
For the existing building:
The building was designed in the first decades of the last century, around 1925-1930 by arch. Maria Sapareva, for the needs of the Institute of Veterinary Medicine. It is massive, with two floors and a high ground floor, with extensive attic spaces. It is located in a free landscaped area, which allows for future expansion, with a separate courtyard, as was originally intended.
At the moment, the building is used by the National Academy of Arts, and it houses: the administration of the applied faculty of the National Academy of Arts, students of six of the ten departments of the applied faculty ("Carving" department, "Scenography" department, "Metal" department, "Industrial Design", Department "Design of Children's Environment" and Department "Restoration"), as well as workshops and warehouses for materials for the respective departments.
The number of students studying in the building are respectively: "Carving" department - 45 students, "Scenography" department - 42 students, "Metal" department - 38 students, "Industrial design" department - 64 students, "Restoration" department - 30 students ., and the number of students for the entire faculty is a total of 508 people according to data from (11.2009). The number of students at the Faculty of Fine Arts at the National Academy of Arts is 379.
The building of the Faculty of Applied Sciences at the National Academy of Sciences takes part in the skyline of one of the main boulevards of the capital city - "Tsarigradsko shose" blvd. Representative public buildings are located in the same district. The rest of the neighborhoods are built up mainly with residential buildings of 4-5 floors. On the other side of "Tsarigradsko shose" blvd., there is "Borisova gradina".
At the same time, the building is not considered valuable from a cultural and historical point of view according to the archives of the relevant authorities and organizations.
Intervention in the existing building:
The existing building is preserved, and the proposal is to reconstruct the facade and replace the window frames. A facade from the inner courtyard becomes part of the interior space. The pitched roof is removed and a full-fledged floor is added to house the academy's library. In place of the sports hall, there is a lecture hall - an auditorium for 200 people. A serious reinforcement with new structural elements of the existing structure of the building is planned.
Functional diagram:
The existing building is a corridor type, with rooms on one side and the other facing a courtyard. In the new part, the same principle is preserved and developed, with the levels of the slabs leveled with those of the old building and the corridors on one side remaining open to an already covered courtyard, and on the other serving the premises.
Functional content:
The main approaches to the new structure are three: to the administrative part, in the volume of the existing building; from the north and from the south in the volume of the new building, the existing transport communication on Academic Ludmil Stoyanov Street is expanded and parking spaces are allocated for the needs of the university. From the east, the loading of the university chair and raw materials needed by the academy is carried out.
At elevation 0.00, one of the entrances to the new part leads into a separate atrium space (place for various cultural events - performances, exhibitions, meetings, cocktails, etc.) with a height of 15.5m. at its highest point and has a visual connection with all floors and vertical communications. The facade of the old building from the inner courtyard becomes part of the interior, where possible openings have been made with the aim of a better communication connection between the old and the new part. The volume of the auditorium (for 200 people) is read, which is set apart in the common space as a forum and a vertical connection with the upper floor.
Elevation 0.00 (4654 sq.m.) - 6 studios, 1 computer room, seminar hall with a flat floor for 100 people, auditorium with 200 seats, medical unit, restaurant, security, premises for the following departments necessary for the functioning of the university: administrative-economic, teaching-methodical, human resources, financial-accounting, legal.
I have determined the locations of the necessary warehouses, toilets, stairs and toilets.
Elevation - 3.20 (3025 sq.m.) - Gallery, 6 workshops, warehouses and storage rooms, kitchen (on tap), restaurant, 23 parking spaces
Elevation + 4.70 (5105 sq.m.) – 22 studios, Dean II+secretary, Dean PI+secretary, Rector+secretary, vice rectors+secretary, lecture hall with a flat floor for 100 d., 2 seminar rooms, storage rooms and storage facilities
Elevation + 8.80 (4745 sq.m.) – 18 studios, rooms for teachers, a computer room, 2 seminar rooms, administration rooms to the library, storage rooms and warehouses
Elevation + 12.20 (5105 sq.m.) – 21 studios, library, warehouses and warehouses
Facades:
In the condition of such a large percentage of glazing, the facade concept is a key moment to the successful realization of a comprehensive energy-efficient project. The selected facade concept is a thin double-glazed element facade with built-in optical sun-protective blinds. In combination with building automation and applied intelligent algorithms, the facade becomes an active regulator and participant in supporting the microclimate in the interior by reacting to energy flows according to conditions and needs.
The solid parts are made of eternite plates on a mounting grid, a detail that allows ventilation of the thermal insulation.
In order to preserve the unity when shaping the new volume-spatial composition, the same materials as in the old building were used. They are actually Eternite boards, but the surface treatment is the same.
Constructive solution:
Above the elevation 0.00, the new part of the building is filled with metal construction. The goal is to get as light and strong as possible, due to the nature of the voluminous plastic composition and especially because of the large consoles.
To minimize weight, the floor slabs are filled with a remaining formwork of LT larina, which is calculated for structural support, the reinforced concrete screed is ground to remove the screed, and then a self-leveling epoxy-based floor is laid with minimal weight.
The roof covering is also made according to the lightest possible system - metal construction, thermal insulation, a layer of waterproofing membrane. The slope is achieved with the construction. This weight reduction is very important especially in the area of the old building upgrade and in the area of the large consoles.
For the provision of the large cantilevers and earthquake, the entire metal structure must work as a spatial system through all floors.
